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mic38150 heldo ? 1.5a high efficiency low dropout regulator heldo is a registered trademark of micrel, inc. mlf and micro leadframe are registered trademark of amkor technologies micrel inc. ? 2180 fortune drive ? san jose, ca 95131 ? usa ? tel +1 ( 408 ) 944-0800 ? fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 ? http://www.micrel.com june 2010 m9999-061010-c general description the mic38150 is a 1.5a continuous output current step down converter. this is a follow on product in the new heldo ? (high efficiency low dropout regulators) family, that provide the benefits of an ldo with respect to ease of use, fast transient performance, high psrr and low noise while offering the efficiency of a switching regulator. as output voltages move lower, the output noise and transient response of a switching regulator become an increasing challenge for designers. by combining a switcher whose output is slaved to the input of a high performance ldo, high efficiency is achieved with a clean low noise output. the mic38150 is designed to provide less than 5mv of peak-to-peak noise and over 70db of psrr at 1khz. furthermore, the architecture of the mic38150 is optimized for fast load transients allowing the output to maintain less than 30mv of output voltage deviation even during ultra fast load steps. this makes the mic38150 an ideal choice for low voltage asics and other digital ics. the mic38150 features a fully integrated switching regulator and ldo combination, operates with input voltages from 3.0v to 5.5v input and offers adjustable output voltages down to 1.0v. the mic38150 is offered in the small 28-pin 4mm 6mm 0.9mm mlf ? package and can operate from ?40 c to +125 c. data sheets and support documentation can be found on micrel?s web site at: www.micrel.com heldo ? features ? output current up to 1.5a ? input voltage range: 3.0v to 5.5v ? adjustable output voltage down to 1.0v ? output noise less than 5mv ? ultra fast transient performance ? unique switcher plus ldo architecture ? fully integrated mosfet switches ? micro-power shutdown ? easy upgrade from ldo as power dissipation becomes an issue ? thermal shutdown and current limit protection ? 4mm 6mm 0.9mm mlf ? package applications ? point-of-load applications ? networking, server, industrial power ? wireless base-stations ? sensitive rf applications ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ typical application output voltage (50mv/div) load current (1a/div)
micrel, inc. mic38150 june 2010 2 m9999-061010-c ordering information part number output current voltage (1) junction temperature range package MIC38150HYHL 1.5a adj -40c to +125c pb-free 28-pin 4x6 mlf ? note : for additional voltage options, contact micrel. pin configuration 28-pin 4mm x 6mm mlf ? (ml) (top view) pin description pin number pin name pin name 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 swo switch (output): this is the output of the pfm switcher. 6, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 sw switch node: attach external resi stor from lpf to increase hysteretic frequency. 7, 22 epad exposed heat-sink pad. connect externally to pgnd. 8 avin analog supply voltage: supply for the analog control circuitry. requires bypass capacitor to ground. nominal bypass capacitor is 1f. 9 lpf low pass filter: attach external re sistor from sw to increase hysteretic frequency. 10 agnd analog ground. 11 fb feedback: input to the error amplifier. connect to the external resistor divider network to set the output voltage. 12, 13 ldoout ldo output: output of voltage regulator. place capacitor to ground to bypass the output voltage. nominal bypass capacitor is 10f. 14, 15 ldoin ldo input: connect to sw output. requires a bypass capacitor to ground. nominal bypass capacitor is 10f. 16, 17 pvin input supply voltage (input): requires bypass capacitor to gnd. nominal bypass capacitor is 10f. 18 en enable (input): logic low will shut down the device, reducing the quiescent current to less than 50a. this pin can also be used as an under-voltage lockout function by connecting a resistor divider from en pin-to-vin and gnd. it should be not left open. 19, 20, 21 pgnd power ground.
micrel, inc. mic38150 june 2010 3 m9999-061010-c absolute maximum ratings (1) supply voltage (v in ) .........................................................6v output switch voltage (v sw ) ...........................................6v logic input voltage (v en ) ..................................-0.3v to vin power dissipation .................................. internally limited (3) storage temperature (t s )................... -65c t j +150c lead temperature (soldering, 10sec) ........................ 260c esd rating (4) .............................................................. 1.5kv operating ratings (2) supply voltage (v in ) ...................................... 3.0v to 5.5v enable input voltage (v en ) ................................. 0v to v in junction temperature range .........?40c t j +125c package thermal resistance 4mm 6mm mlf-28 ( ja ) .............................24c/w electrical characteristics (5) t a = 25c with v in = v en = 5v; i out = 10ma, v out = 1.8v. bold values indicate ?40c t j +125c, unless noted. parameter conditions min typ max units supply voltage range 3.0 5.5 v under-voltage lockout threshold turn-on 2.85 v uvlo hysteresis 100 mv quiescent current i out = 0a, not switching, open loop 1 ma turn-on time v out to 95% of nominal 200 500 s shutdown current v en = 0v 30 50 a feedback voltage 2.5% 0.975 1 1.025 v feedback current 5 na dropout voltage (v in ? v out ) i load = 1.5a; v out = 3v 0.85 1.2 v current limit v fb = 0.9v nom 1.75 3 a output voltage load regulation v out = 1.8v, 10ma to 1.5a 0.1 1 % output voltage line regulation v out = 1.8v, v in from 3.0v to 5.5v 0.35 0.5 %/v output ripple i load = 1.5a, c outldo = 20f, c outsw = 20f lpf=25k ? 2 mv over-temperature shutdown 150 c over-temperature shutdown hysteresis 15 c enable input (6) enable input threshold regulator enable 0.90 1 1.1 v enable hysteresis 20 100 200 mv enable input current 0.03 1 a notes: 1. exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device. 2. the device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. 3. the maximum allowable power dissipation of any t a (ambient temperature) is p d(max) = (t j(max) ? t a ) / ja . exceeding the maximum allowable power dissipation will result in excessive die temperature, and the regulator will go into thermal shutdown. 4. devices are esd sensitive. handling precautions recommended. human body model, 1.5k in series with 100pf. 5. specification for packaged product only. 6. enable pin should not be left open.
micrel, inc. mic38150 june 2010 4 m9999-061010-c typical characteristics v in = 3.3v, v out = 1.8v, c out = 10f, r lpf = 25k ? , i out = 100ma, unless noted mic38150 psrr 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10 100 1000 10000 100000 frequency (hz) psrr (db) load regulation 1.72 1.74 1.76 1.78 1.80 1.82 1.84 1.86 1.88 0 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.5 load current (a) output voltage (v) output voltage vs. input voltage 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 012345 input voltage (v) output voltage (v) output voltage vs. temperature 1.72 1.74 1.76 1.78 1.80 1.82 1.84 1.86 1.88 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 temperature (c) output voltage (v) thermal shutdown 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 -40 10 60 110 160 210 temperature (c) output voltage (v) mic38150 efficiency 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 0 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.5 load current (a) efficiency (%) dropout voltage vs. load current 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 00.511.5 load current (a) dropout voltage (v) dropout voltage vs. temperature 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 temperature (c) dropout voltage (v) current limit v s. input voltage 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 33.544.555.5 input voltage (v) current limit (a) enable threshold 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95 1.00 1.05 1.10 1.15 1.20 33.544.555.5 input voltage (v) enable voltage (v ) operating current vs. input voltage 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 input voltage (v) operating current (ma) v in = 3.3v v out = 1.8v v out = 1.8v i out = 10ma i out = 1.5a v in = 3.3v i out = 10ma v in = 3.3v v out = 1.8v v in = 5.0v v out = 3.3v r lpf = 25k ? v out = 3.3v v out = 3.3v i out = 1.5a v out = 1.8v c out = 20f r lpf = 25k ? v out = 1.8v v out = 1.8v c out = 20f
micrel, inc. mic38150 june 2010 5 m9999-061010-c typical characteristics v in = 3.3v, v out = 1.8v, c out = 10f, r lpf = 25k ? , i out = 100ma, unless noted switch frequency vs. rlpf resistance (3.3v-1.0v) 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 10 100 1000 rlpf (k ? ) sw frequency (mhz) switch frequency vs. rlpf resistance (3.3v-1.8v) 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 10 100 1000 rlpf (k ? ) sw frequency (mhz) switch frequency vs. rlpf resistance (5.0v-1.0v) 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 10 100 1000 rlpf (k ? ) sw frequency (mhz) switch frequency vs. rlpf resistance (5.0v-1.8v) 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 10 100 1000 rlpf (k ? ) sw frequency (mhz) switch frequency vs. rlpf resistance (5.0v-2.5v) 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 10 100 1000 rlpf (k ? ) sw frequency (mhz) 10ma 500ma 1a 1.5a 10ma 500ma 1.5a 1a 10ma 1a 1.5a 500ma 10ma 1a 1.5a 500ma 10ma 500ma 1.5a 1a
micrel, inc. mic38150 june 2010 6 m9999-061010-c functional characteristics v in = 3.3v, v out = 1.8v, c out = 10f, inductor = 470nh; r lpf = 25k ? , i out = 100ma, unless noted output voltage (50mv/div) load current (1a/div)
micrel, inc. mic38150 june 2010 7 m9999-061010-c emi performance v out =1.8v, i out =1.2a emi test ? horizontal front emi test ? vertical front additional components to mic38150 evaluation board: 1. input ferrite bead inductor. part number: blm21ag102sn1d 2. 0.1f and 0.01f ceramic bypass capacitors on pvin, sw, swo, and ldoout pins.
micrel, inc. mic38150 june 2010 8 m9999-061010-c block diagram
micrel, inc. mic38150 june 2010 9 m9999-061010-c application information enable input the mic38150 features a ttl/cmos compatible positive logic enable input for on/off control of the device. high enables the regulator while low disables the regulator. in shutdown the regulator consumes very little current (only a few microamperes of leakage). for simple applications the enable (en) can be connected to v in (in). input capacitor pvin provides power to the mosfets for the switch mode regulator section and the gate drivers. due to the high switching speeds, a 10f capacitor is recommended close to pvin and the power ground (pgnd) pin for bypassing. analog v in (avin) provides power to the analog supply circuitry. avin and pvin must be tied together externally. careful layout should be considered to ensure high frequency switching noise caused by pvin is reduced before reaching avin. a 1f capacitor as close to avin as possible is recommended. output capacitor the mic38150 requires an output capacitor for stable operation. as a cap ldo, the mic38150 can operate with ceramic output capacitors of 10f or greater. values of greater than 10f improve transient response and noise reduction at high frequency. x7r/x5r dielectric-type ceramic capacitors are recommended because of their superior temperature performance. x7r-type capacitors change capacitance by 15% over their operating temperature range and are the most stable type of ceramic capacitors. larger output capacitances can be achieved by placing tantalum or aluminum electrolytics in parallel with the ceramic capacitor. for example, a 100f electrolytic in parallel with a 10f ceramic can provide the transient and high frequency noise performance of a 100f ceramic at a significantly lower cost. specific undershoot/overshoot performance will depend on both the values and esr/esl of the capacitors. for less than 5mv noise performance at higher current loads, 20f capacitors are recommended at ldoin and ldoout. low pass filter pin the mic38150 features a low pass filter (lpf) pin for adjusting the switcher frequency. by tuning the frequency, the user can further improve output ripple. adjusting the frequency is accomplished by connecting a resistor between the lpf and sw pins. a small value resistor would increase the frequency while a larger value resistor decreases the frequency. recommended r lpf value is 25k ? . adjustable regulator design adjustable regulator with resistors the adjustable mic38150 output voltage can be programmed from 1v to 5.0v using a resistor divider from output to the fb pin. resistors can be quite large, up to 100k ? because of the very high input impedance and low bias current of the sense amplifier. for large value resistors (>50k ? ), r1 should be bypassed by a small capacitor (c ff = 0.1f bypass capacitor) to avoid instability due to phase lag at the adj/sns input. the output resistor divider values are calculated by: ) 1 + r2 r1 ( 1v = v out efficiency considerations efficiency is defined as the amount of useful output power, divided by the amount of power supplied. 100 i v i v = (%) efficiency in in out out maintaining high efficiency serves two purposes. it reduces power dissipation in the power supply, reducing the need for heat sinks and thermal design considerations and it reduces consumption of current for battery powered applications. reduced current draw from a battery increases the devices operating time and is critical in hand held devices. there are two types of losses in switching converters; dc losses and switching losses. dc losses are simply the power dissipation of i 2 r. power is dissipated in the high side switch during the on cycle. power loss is equal to the high side mosfet r dson multiplied by the switch current 2 . during the off cycle, the low side n-channel mosfet conducts, also dissipating power. device operating current also reduces efficiency. the product of the quiescent (operating) current and the supply voltage is another dc loss. over 100ma, efficiency loss is dominated by mosfet r dson and inductor losses. higher input supply voltages will increase the gate to source threshold on the internal mosfets, reducing the internal rd dson . this improves efficiency by reducing dc losses in the device. as the inductors are reduced in size, the inductor losses are mainly caused by the dc resistance (dcr). the dcr losses can be calculated as follows: l_p d = i out 2 dcr efficiency loss due to dcr is minimal at light loads and gains significance as the load is increased.
micrel, inc. mic38150 june 2010 10 m9999-061010-c pcb layout guideline warning!!! to minimize emi and output noise, follow these layout recommendations. pcb layout is critical to achieve reliable, stable and efficient performance. a ground plane is required to control emi and minimize the inductance in power, signal and return paths. the following guidelines should be followed to insure proper operation of the mic38150. ic ? place the ic close to the point of load (pol). ? use fat traces to route the input and output power lines. ? the exposed pad (epad) on the bottom of the ic must be connected to the pgnd pins of the ic. ? use several vias to connect the epad to the ground plane. ? signal and power grounds should be kept separate and connected at only one location. ? keep the switch node (sw) away from the feedback (fb) pin. input capacitor ? place the input capacitor next. ? place the input capacitors on the same side of the board and as close to the mic38150 as possible. ? keep both the pvin and pgnd connections short. ? place several vias to the ground plane close to the input capacitor ground terminal, but not between the input capacitors and ic pins. ? use either x7r or x5r dielectric input capacitors. do not use y5v or z5u type capacitors. ? do not replace the ceramic input capacitor with any other type of capacitor. any type of capacitor can be placed in parallel with the input capacitor. ? if a tantalum input capacitor is placed in parallel with the input capacitor, it must be recommended for switching regulator applications and the operating voltage must be derated by 50%. ? in ?hot-plug? applications, a tantalum or electrolytic bypass capacitor must be used to limit the over- voltage spike seen on the input supply with power is suddenly applied. ? the 1f capacitor, which connects to the avin terminal, must be located right at the ic. the avin terminal is very noise sensitive and placement of the capacitor is very critical. connections must be made with wide trace. output capacitor ? use a wide trace to connect the vsw output capacitor ground terminal to the pvin input capacitor ground terminal. ? the feedback trace should be separate from the power trace and connected as close as possible to the output capacitor.
micrel, inc. mic38150 june 2010 11 m9999-061010-c evaluation board schematics bill of materials item part number manufacturer description qty 0805zd106mat2a avx (1) lmk212bj106kg-t taiyo yuden (2) c2012x5r1a106k tdk (3) c1, c3, c4, c5, c6 grm219r61a106ke44d murata (4) 10uf, 10v, x5r, 0805 ceramic capacitor 5 c2012x5r1a105k tdk (3) 0805zd105kat2a avx (1) c2 grm219r61a105ma01d murata (4) 1uf, 10v, x5r, 0805 ceramic capacitor 1 r1 crcw06038061frt1 vishay (5) 8.06k, 1%, 1/10w, 0603 1 r2, r4 crcw06031002keye3 vishay (5) 10k, 1%, 1/10w, 0603 2 r3 crcw06032492frt1 vishay (5) 24.9k, 1%, 1/10w, 0603 1 u1 mic38150-hyhl micrel, inc. (6) heldo ? 1.5a high efficiency low dropout regulator 1 notes : 1. avx: www.avx.com 2. taiyo yuden: www.t-yuden.com 3. tdk: www.tdk.com 4. murata: www.murata.com 5. vishay: www.vishay.com 6. micrel, inc.: www.micrel.com
micrel, inc. mic38150 june 2010 12 m9999-061010-c pcb layout top layer mid layer 1
micrel, inc. mic38150 june 2010 13 m9999-061010-c mid layer 2 bottom layer
micrel, inc. mic38150 june 2010 14 m9999-061010-c package information 28-pin 4mm x 6mm mlf ? (ml)
micrel, inc. mic38150 june 2010 15 m9999-061010-c recommended landing pattern micrel, inc. 2180 fortune drive san jose, ca 95131 us a tel +1 (408) 944-0800 fax +1 (408) 474-1000 web http:/www.micrel.com the information furnished by micrel in this data sheet is believed to be accurate and reliable. however, no responsibility is a ssumed by micrel for its use. micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer. micrel products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfu nction of a product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are in tended for surgical implan t into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significan t injury to the user. a purchaser?s use or sale of micrel products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is a purchaser?s own risk and purchaser agrees to fully indemnify micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale. ? 2009 micrel, incorporated.

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